Heat-Mediated Transformation of PMMA-SiO₂ Core-Shell Particles into Hollow SiO₂ Particles

Abstract

Changes in the morphology and structure of the core-shell particles of polymethyl methacrylate-silicon dioxide and hollow SiO2 particles during their heat treatment were studied by electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The polymeric core of the PMMA-SiO2 hybrid particle was found to undergo an unusual transformation when exposed to the electron microscope beam: its shrinkage occurs through the formation of a spherical cavity. It was shown that the process of silica-shell formation occurs in the temperature range of 200–600 °C and is accompanied by the loss of vinyl- and OH-groups. It was determined by the method of X-ray diffraction, that in the place of the interaction of PMMA and the shell, the degree of ordering of the polymer is higher than that in the volume of the polymer core. It was shown that the frequency of the TO3-vibrational mode (asymmetric stretching vibrations of the Si–O–Si bonds) increases with an increase in the annealing temperature, which is associated with the densification of the silicon dioxide shell.

Keywords

• core-shell particles
• hollow particles
• silicon dioxide
• template synthesis
• heat treatment
• FTIR