PLoS ONE (Jan 2021)

Outcomes of COVID-19 patients with comorbidities in southwest Nigeria.

  • Akin Osibogun,
  • Mobolanle Balogun,
  • Akin Abayomi,
  • Jide Idris,
  • Yetunde Kuyinu,
  • Oluwakemi Odukoya,
  • Ololade Wright,
  • Remi Adeseun,
  • Bamidele Mutiu,
  • Babatunde Saka,
  • Nike Osa,
  • Dayo Lajide,
  • Ismael Abdus-Salam,
  • Bodunrin Osikomaiya,
  • Oluwatosin Onasanya,
  • Bisola Adebayo,
  • Yewande Oshodi,
  • Sunday Adesola,
  • Olu Adejumo,
  • Olufemi Erinoso,
  • Hussein Abdur-Razzaq,
  • Abimbola Bowale,
  • Kingsley Akinroye

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248281
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 16, no. 3
p. e0248281

Abstract

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BackgroundData on the comorbidities that result in negative outcomes for people with COVID-19 are currently scarce for African populations. This study identifies comorbidities that predict death among a large sample of COVID-19 patients from Nigeria.MethodsThis was a retrospective analysis of medical records for 2184 laboratory confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Lagos, southwest Nigeria. Extracted data included age, sex, severity of condition at presentation and self-reported comorbidities. The outcomes of interest were death or discharge from facility.ResultsMost of the cases were male (65.8%) and the median age was 43 years (IQR: 33-55). Four hundred and ninety-two patients (22.5%) had at least one comorbidity and the most common amongst them were hypertension (74.2%) and diabetes (30.3%). The mortality rate was 3.3% and a significantly higher proportion of patients with comorbidities died compared to those with none. The comorbidities that predicted death were hypertension (OR: 2.21, 95%CI: 1.22-4.01), diabetes (OR: 3.69, 95% CI: 1.99-6.85), renal disease (OR: 12.53, 95%CI: 1.97-79.56), cancer (OR: 14.12, 95% CI: 2.03-98.19) and HIV (OR: 1.77-84.15].ConclusionComorbidities are prevalent and the associated risk of death is high among COVID-19 patients in Lagos, Nigeria. Public enlightenment, early identification and targeted care for COVID-19 cases with comorbidities are recommended as the pandemic evolves.