New Data on Molecular Targets of Tamoxifen Besides Estrogen Receptors, Their Clinical Significancy

Abstract

Tamoxifen is the first target agent with a high-end position in breast cancer therapy till now. In recent years experimental researches revealed new biological effects of tamoxifen on tumor cells. The present study continues the theme of the review published in 2012, where a plenty of tamoxifen effects besides interaction with estrogen receptors was discussed. Thus, there is described a wide range of the drug targets which are the key points of signal cascades activating the cell proliferation and determining the course of the growth of the cancer and its sensitivity to chemotherapy. Also clinical trials of tamoxifen based on existing of targets besides the estrogen receptors are reviewed. Furthermore, the data on the antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal and antiparasitic activities of tamoxifen are indicated.

Keywords

• tamoxifen
• protein kinase c
• apoptosis
• antiangiogenic action
• metastasis
• drug resistance
• anticancer action