Evaluation of the Demographic and Laboratory Data of Patients Diagnosed with Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in the Emergency Department and Their Relationship with Morbidity and Mortality

Abstract

Aim:Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is transmitted by infected ticks or through contaminated blood, tissue, and body fluids. Pathological laboratory results, such as thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, and anemia, along with biochemistry and coagulation parameters, can be used for its diagnosis and the determination of its prognosis.Materials and Methods:Data of patients over 17 years of age diagnosed with CCHF between 2013 and 2018 were reviewed retrospectively. The complete blood count, liver-renal enzymes, electrolytes, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), D-dimer values, fibrinogen values, and international normalized ratio (INR) were recorded and analyzed at admission.Results:Non-survivors had higher levels of alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, amylase, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), direct bilirubin, gamma-glutamyl transferase, creatinine, potassium, total bilirubin and uric acid (p<0.05), whereas creatine kinase (CK), CK-MB, and calcium levels were lower (p<0.05). Non-survivors had higher levels of basophil, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular volume, neutrophil, nucleated red blood cells, platelet distribution width, and white blood cells (p<0.05).Conclusion:Evaluation of routine blood parameters of CCHF patients in the emergency room is a useful tool to accelerate recovery in intensive care and prevent delay in patient treatment. Platelet, aPTT, INR, BUN, and AST values are predictors for mortality.

Keywords

• crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever
• white blood cell
• thrombocyte
• mortality