Toward focused ultrasound neuromodulation in deep brain stimulator implanted patients: Ex-vivo thermal, kinetic and targeting feasibility assessment

• Can Sarica,
• Anton Fomenko,
• Jean-François Nankoo,
• Ghazaleh Darmani,
• Artur Vetkas,
• Kazuaki Yamamoto,
• Andres M. Lozano,
• Robert Chen

Affiliations

Can Sarica

Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

Anton Fomenko

Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

Jean-François Nankoo

Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada

Ghazaleh Darmani

Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada

Artur Vetkas

Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia

Kazuaki Yamamoto

Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

Andres M. Lozano

Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada

Robert Chen

Corresponding author. Movement Disorders Centre, Toronto Western Hospital, 399 Bathurst St., 7 Mc412, Toronto, ON, M5T 2S8, Canada.; Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada