Thoracic Cancer (Dec 2023)

Clinical definition of secondary resistance to immunotherapy in non‐small cell lung cancer

  • Dingzhi Huang,
  • Gen Lin,
  • Qian Chu,
  • Yi Hu,
  • Jun Wang,
  • Zhijie Wang,
  • Fan Yang,
  • Wenzhao Zhong,
  • Chengzhi Zhou,
  • Bo Zhu,
  • Xinghao Ai,
  • Baoshan Cao,
  • Yabing Cao,
  • Mingqiu Chen,
  • Xiaohui Chen,
  • Tianqing Chu,
  • Jianchun Duan,
  • Yun Fan,
  • Yong Fang,
  • Shuitu Feng,
  • Weineng Feng,
  • Hui Guo,
  • Chengbo Han,
  • Yong He,
  • Shaodong Hong,
  • Jie Hu,
  • Meijuan Huang,
  • Yan Huang,
  • Da Jiang,
  • Kan Jiang,
  • Richeng Jiang,
  • Bo Jin,
  • Shi Jin,
  • Jisheng Li,
  • Min Li,
  • Ziming Li,
  • Chao Li,
  • Jie Lin,
  • Anwen Liu,
  • Si‐Yang Maggie Liu,
  • Yutao Liu,
  • Zhefeng Liu,
  • Zhe Liu,
  • Zhenhua Liu,
  • Zhentian Liu,
  • Zhigang Liu,
  • Yuping Lu,
  • Tangfeng Lv,
  • Zhiyong Ma,
  • Qian Miao,
  • Min Peng,
  • Xingxiang Pu,
  • Xiu Bao Ren,
  • Jianzhen Shan,
  • Jinlu Shan,
  • Peng Shen,
  • Bo Shen,
  • Meiqi Shi,
  • Yong Song,
  • Zhengbo Song,
  • ChunXia Su,
  • Jianguo Sun,
  • Panwen Tian,
  • Jinliang Wang,
  • Feng Wang,
  • Huijuan Wang,
  • Jialei Wang,
  • Qian Wang,
  • Wenxian Wang,
  • Yan Wang,
  • Lin Wu,
  • Fang Wu,
  • Yang Xia,
  • Congying Xie,
  • Conghua Xie,
  • Tao Xin,
  • Jianping Xiong,
  • Haipeng Xu,
  • Song Xu,
  • Yiquan Xu,
  • Bin Xu,
  • Chunwei Xu,
  • Xiaolong Yan,
  • Zhenzhou Yang,
  • Wenxiu Yao,
  • Yao Yu,
  • Ye Feng,
  • Zongyang Yu,
  • Yongfeng Yu,
  • Dongsheng Yue,
  • Haibo Zhang,
  • HongMei Zhang,
  • Li Zhang,
  • Longfeng Zhang,
  • Qiuyu Zhang,
  • Tongmei Zhang,
  • Bicheng Zhang,
  • Jun Zhao,
  • Mingfang Zhao,
  • Xiaobin Zheng,
  • Fengqiao Zhong,
  • Jin Zhou,
  • Penghui Zhou,
  • Zhengfei Zhu,
  • Juntao Zou,
  • Zihua Zou

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-7714.15157
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 14, no. 34
pp. 3421 – 3429

Abstract

Read online

Abstract Immune checkpoint inhibitors (PD‐1/PD‐L1 and CTLA‐4 blockade) have revolutionized the treatment landscape in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Secondary resistance to immunotherapy (IO), which poses a substantial challenge in clinical settings, occurs in several initial responders. Currently, new treatment approaches have been extensively evaluated in investigational studies for these patients to tackle this difficult problem; however, the lack of consistency in clinical definition, uniform criteria for enrollment in clinical trials, and interpretation of results remain significant hurdles to progress. Thus, our expert panel comprehensively synthesized data from current studies to propose a practical clinical definition of secondary resistance to immunotherapy in NSCLC in metastatic and neoadjuvant settings. In addition to patients who received IO alone (including IO‐IO combinations), we also generated a definition for patients treated with chemotherapy plus IO. This consensus aimed to provide guidance for clinical trial design and facilitate future discussions with investigators. It should be noted that additional updates in this consensus are required when new data is available.

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