A Wideband Multilevel Reconfigurable Class E/F<sub>23</sub> Power Amplifier With a Band-Selecting Tracking Reactance Compensation Automatic Calibration Algorithm

Reza E. Rad; Yasser M. Qaragoez; Sungjin Kim; Arash Hejazi; Dong Gyu Kim; Danial Khan; Imran Ali; Behnam S. Rikan; Sang-Sun Yoo; Younggun Pu; Keum Cheol Hwang; Youngoo Yang; Kang-Yoon Lee

doi:10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3175885

IEEE Access (Jan 2022)

A Wideband Multilevel Reconfigurable Class E/F<sub>23</sub> Power Amplifier With a Band-Selecting Tracking Reactance Compensation Automatic Calibration Algorithm

Reza E. Rad,
Yasser M. Qaragoez,
Sungjin Kim,
Arash Hejazi,
Dong Gyu Kim,
Danial Khan,
Imran Ali,
Behnam S. Rikan,
Sang-Sun Yoo,
Younggun Pu,
Keum Cheol Hwang,
Youngoo Yang,
Kang-Yoon Lee

Affiliations

Reza E. Rad: ORCiD; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
Yasser M. Qaragoez: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
Sungjin Kim: ORCiD; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
Arash Hejazi: ORCiD; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
Dong Gyu Kim: ORCiD; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
Danial Khan: ORCiD; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
Imran Ali: ORCiD; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
Behnam S. Rikan: ORCiD; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
Sang-Sun Yoo: ORCiD; SKAIChips Company Ltd., Suwon, South Korea
Younggun Pu: ORCiD; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
Keum Cheol Hwang: ORCiD; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
Youngoo Yang: ORCiD; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
Kang-Yoon Lee: ORCiD; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3175885
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 10
pp. 54214 – 54220

Abstract

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This paper presents a wide-band multi-level switched mode class-E/F23 Power Amplifier (PA) with a reconfigurable power stage core transistor and a load with reconfigurable reactance compensation part. An Automatic Calibration Scheme (ACS) is proposed to perform the core and load reconfiguration based on a proposed algorithm. The PA is formed by a class-D driver amplifier, the switched mode cascaded reconfigurable power stage, the reconfigurable class-E/F23 load, the ACS and its algorithm, and the matching network at the end of the load before the antenna. The proposed PA is implemented using a 130 nm CMOS technology. The wideband PA operates in the frequency range from 470 MHz to 690 MHz for a TV White Space (TVWS) application with 220 MHz bandwidth. Even though reaching a high maximum Power Added Efficiency (PAEmax) for the design with low output powers is challenging a PAEmax of 32% for a 10 dBm output power level from a low supply voltage of 2.2 V. The proposed ACS provides an output power with a flatness around 0.6 dB which shows 57% improvement in compare with the structure without the ACS. The PA achieved a selectable multi-level output power from 10 dBm to 14 dBm over the 220 MHz bandwidth.

Published in IEEE Access

ISSN: 2169-3536 (Online)
Publisher: IEEE
Country of publisher: United States
LCC subjects: Technology: Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering
Website: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/RecentIssue.jsp?punumber=6287639

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