Massive Fetomaternal Hemorrhage Caused by an Intraplacental Choriocarcinoma: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Abstract

Intraplacental choriocarcinoma (IC) is a gestational trophoblastic neoplasia located within the placenta. Due to its silent presentation, more than half of the cases are diagnosed incidentally. An association with fetomaternal hemorrhage (FMH), stillbirth, and intrauterine growth restriction has been found. The aim of this review is to describe the clinical management of this rare condition stemming from a case report of an incidental diagnosis following an emergency cesarean section, and taking into account the available literature. Emergency interventions and examination of the placenta, even for the smallest IC lesion can ensure timely treatment and improve maternal and fetal outcomes.

Keywords

• intraplacental choriocarcinoma (IC)
• massive fetomaternal hemorrhage (FMH)
• placenta
• gestational trophoblastic disease