Zhongguo quanke yixue (Mar 2024)
Disease Burden of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in the BRICS Countries from 1990 to 2019
Abstract
Background As emerging economies, the BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) face similar challenges of a significant increase in the burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) . Objective To understand the current situation, past trends and attributable risk factors of the burden of disease caused by COPD in the BRICS countries, and provide a basis for evaluating and developing prevention and control strategies of COPD and strengthening health cooperation among the BRICS countries. Methods The trends in prevalence, mortality and disability life-adjusted year (DALY) rates of COPD in the BRICS countries from 1990 to 2019 was characterized by using the Global Burden of Disease 2019 Database (GBD 2019) . Annual percentage change (APC) and average annual percentage change (AAPC) were calculated using Joinpoint software, and population attributable fraction (PAF) was used to estimate the proportion of COPD disease burden attributable to different risk factors. Results The disease burden in the BRICS countries showed an increasing trend with age in 2019, and increased rapidly above 45 years of age with a certain gender difference. From 1990 to 2019, the prevalence of COPD was on the rise in all BRICS countries, while the mortality and DALY rates were on the decline in all BRICS countries except India. The standardized prevalence rate, standardized mortality rate and standardized DALY rate in the BRICS countries showed a decreasing trend, and the decrease was the largest in China, with the AAPC value of -1.14, -4.22 and -4.17, respectively (P<0.05) . Tobacco use was the top risk factor for COPD disease burden in Brazil, Russia, China and South Africa, with a PAF of more than 50%, while the top risk factor in India was air pollution. Conclusion The burden of COPD disease remains high in the BRICS countries, with differences within countries. Positive results have been achieved in the prevention and treatment of COPD in BRICS countries, but the overall improvement is less than that in the high-income countries in Asia-Pacific. The total burden of COPD in China has decreased significantly, but the prevention and control situation is still serious. The BRICS countries should pay more attention to the prevention and treatment of COPD in the middle-aged and elderly population, and continue to pay attention to the health effects caused by tobacco use and environmental pollution at the same time.
Keywords
