Is Artificial Intelligence Replacing Our Radiology Stars? Not Yet!

Giovanni E. Cacciamani; Daniel I. Sanford; Timothy N. Chu; Masatomo Kaneko; Andre L. De Castro Abreu; Vinay Duddalwar; Inderbir S. Gill

European Urology Open Science (Feb 2023)

Is Artificial Intelligence Replacing Our Radiology Stars? Not Yet!

Giovanni E. Cacciamani,
Daniel I. Sanford,
Timothy N. Chu,
Masatomo Kaneko,
Andre L. De Castro Abreu,
Vinay Duddalwar,
Inderbir S. Gill

Affiliations

Giovanni E. Cacciamani: USC Institute of Urology and Catherine and Joseph Aresty Department of Urology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Artificial Intelligence Center at USC Urology, USC Institute of Urology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, USC Institute of Urology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Center for Image-Guided Surgery, Focal Therapy and Artificial Intelligence for Prostate Cancer, USC Institute of Urology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Corresponding author. Artificial Intelligence Center at USC Urology, Urology Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Tel. +1 626 4911531.
Daniel I. Sanford: USC Institute of Urology and Catherine and Joseph Aresty Department of Urology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Artificial Intelligence Center at USC Urology, USC Institute of Urology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Timothy N. Chu: USC Institute of Urology and Catherine and Joseph Aresty Department of Urology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Artificial Intelligence Center at USC Urology, USC Institute of Urology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Masatomo Kaneko: USC Institute of Urology and Catherine and Joseph Aresty Department of Urology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Artificial Intelligence Center at USC Urology, USC Institute of Urology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Center for Image-Guided Surgery, Focal Therapy and Artificial Intelligence for Prostate Cancer, USC Institute of Urology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Urology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
Andre L. De Castro Abreu: USC Institute of Urology and Catherine and Joseph Aresty Department of Urology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Artificial Intelligence Center at USC Urology, USC Institute of Urology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, USC Institute of Urology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Center for Image-Guided Surgery, Focal Therapy and Artificial Intelligence for Prostate Cancer, USC Institute of Urology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Vinay Duddalwar: USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, USC Institute of Urology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Inderbir S. Gill: USC Institute of Urology and Catherine and Joseph Aresty Department of Urology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Artificial Intelligence Center at USC Urology, USC Institute of Urology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, USC Institute of Urology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Center for Image-Guided Surgery, Focal Therapy and Artificial Intelligence for Prostate Cancer, USC Institute of Urology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA

Journal volume & issue: Vol. 48
pp. 14 – 16

Abstract

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Artificial intelligence (AI) is here to stay and will change health care as we know it. The availability of big data and the increasing numbers of AI algorithms approved by the US Food and Drug Administration together will help in improving the quality of care for patients and in overcoming human fatigue barriers. In oncology practice, patients and providers rely on the interpretation of radiologists when making clinical decisions; however, there is considerable variability among readers, and in particular for prostate imaging. AI represents an emerging solution to this problem, for which it can provide a much-needed form of standardization. The diagnostic performance of AI alone in comparison to a combination of an AI framework and radiologist assessment for evaluation of prostate imaging has yet to be explored. Here, we compare the performance of radiologists alone versus a combination of radiologists aided by a modern computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) AI system. We show that the radiologist-CAD combination demonstrates superior sensitivity and specificity in comparison to both radiologists alone and AI alone. Our findings demonstrate that a radiologist + AI combination could perform best for detection of prostate cancer lesions. A hybrid technology-human system could leverage the benefits of AI in improving radiologist performance while also reducing physician workload, minimizing burnout, and enhancing the quality of patient care. Patient summary: Our report demonstrates the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) for improving the interpretation of prostate scans. A combination of AI and evaluation by a radiologist has the best performance in determining the severity of prostate cancer. A hybrid system that uses both AI and radiologists could maximize the quality of care for patients while reducing physician workload and burnout.

Published in European Urology Open Science

ISSN: 2666-1683 (Online)
Publisher: Elsevier
Country of publisher: Netherlands
LCC subjects: Medicine: Internal medicine: Specialties of internal medicine: Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology; Medicine: Internal medicine: Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens
Website: https://www.journals.elsevier.com/european-urology-open-science

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