Single institutional experience of peripheral applications of a liquid embolic agent: Ethylene Vinyl Alcohol Copolymer

Abstract

Abstract Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) copolymer for the treatment of a variety of peripheral vascular pathologies. Results Between October 2010 and October 2017, 43 patients who underwent total 54 EVOH embolization procedures for the treatment of peripheral vascular pathologies were included. The cases which involved the use of EVOH for the treatment of nonvascular, neurologic, ophthalmologic, otolaryngologic or head-neck pathologies were excluded. The demographic data, technical and clinical success rates, and procedure-related details and complications were obtained. The most common indications for EVOH embolization were type II endoleaks (n = 18) and peripheral arteriovenous malformations (n = 14). The majority of cases (62.5%) used EVOH without any adjunct embolic material. The results of this study showed 100% technical success rates and 89% clinical success rates. No events of nontarget embolization or other procedure-related complications were noted. The mortality & morbidity rates were 0%. The loss to follow up rate was 16% (9 /54). The mean follow-up period was 134 days (range, 30 to 522 days). Conclusion The single institutional experience supports the safety and efficacy of EVOH embolization in the treatment of various peripheral vascular conditions.

Keywords

• Ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer
• EVOH
• Onyx embolization
• Arteriovenous malformations
• Endoleak type II
• Pseudoaneurysm