Evaluation of Relation between Bizygomatic Width and Mesiodistal Dimension of Maxillary Central Incisor in Saudi Population: An In-vivo Study

Abstract

Introduction: Selection of the maxillary anterior teeth is one of the most crucial steps in fabricating a removable prosthesis. To overcome this challenge, the relationship between facial measurements and natural teeth could be used as a guide in selecting the Maxillary Central Incisor (MCI) teeth. To improve aesthetics, various efforts have been made to associate the Mesiodistal Dimension (MD) of the MCI with various facial parameters. Aim: To determine the relationship between Bizygomatic Width (BZW) and the MD of the MCI in the Saudi population. Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional study selected two hundred dentulous subjects (100 males and 100 females) using a simple random sampling technique from December 2019 to March 2020. BZW was measured between the two most prominent points on the zygomatic bone, and the MD of the MCI was measured between the interproximal contact points. Both measurements were made with the help of a digital vernier caliper. Descriptive statistics and student’s t-test were used to compare all the measurements between males and females with a level of significance at 5% (0.05) and the power of the study of 95%. Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) was used to find the interconnection between MD of MCI and BZW by linear correlation analysis. Results: The average values for BZW for males and females were found to be 123.56±3.74 mm and 117.33±3.21 mm, respectively. The average MD values of MCI for males and females were found to be 8.6±0.46 mm and 8.4±0.53 mm, respectively. A statistically significant difference was observed in the mean values of the BZW (p-value<0.001) and MD of MCI (p-value 0.002) when a comparison was done among males and females. The average ratio of MD of MCI to BZW was found to be 0.07±0.004 for males, whereas it was 0.072±0.004 for females and was statistically significant (p-value 0.001). The ratio of MD of MCI to BZW was found to be 1:14 for males and females. Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) was positive and ranged from 0.067 to 0.007. Conclusion: Males had greater values for BZW and MD of MCI than females. There was an inconsistency when Berry’s biometric ratio was applied and when compared with the actual MD of MCI measurement in the present study. The findings of this study showed that there was a weak positive correlation between the MD of MCI and the BZW.

Keywords

• aesthetics
• anthropometry
• berry’s biometric ratio
• facial measurements