Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity (Apr 2022)
Clinical Importance of FNDC-5 and Selectin-E mRNA Expression Among Type 2 Diabetics with and without Obesity
Abstract
Amit K Verma,1,2 Alanoud Aladel,3 Sadaf Dabeer,4 Irfan Ahmad,5 Mohammad Idreesh Khan,6 Malak Ghazi Almutairi,7 Alhanouf I Al-Harbi,8 Mirza Masroor Ali Beg9,10 1Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia University, New Delhi, India; 2Department of Zoology and Environmental Sciences, Gurukul Kangri Vishwavidyalaya, Haridwar, India; 3Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 4Department of Exercise Science and Sport Management, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, USA; 5Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia; 6Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Health Sciences in Arras, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia; 7Department of nutrition, Almethnab General Hospital, Qassim Health Cluster, Ministry of Health, Al Mithnab, Saudi Arabia; 8Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Yanbu, Saudi Arabia; 9Faculty of Medicine, Ala-Too International University, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan; 10Centre for Promotion of Medical Research, Ala-Too International University, Bishkek, KyrgyzstanCorrespondence: Mirza Masroor Ali Beg, Email [email protected]: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is growing illnesses associated with metabolic dysregulation such as obesity affecting a large population become leading causes of death worldwide. Fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC-5) and selectin-E were suggested to have effects on metabolism and diabetes, therefore present study aimed to evaluate the clinical importance of FNDC-5 and selectin-E among the T2DM patients with and without obesity.Methods: Study included cohort of 200 T2DM patients with and without obesity. We evaluated FNDC-5, selectin-E mRNA expression as well as vitamin-D, and vitamin-B12 levels in among the T2DM patients with and without obesity.Results: Study observed significant difference in biochemical parameters included in study. T2DM patients with obesity had significantly higher fasting blood glucose levels (p< 0.0001) and HbA1c (glycated hemoglobin) (p< 0.0001) compared to those T2DM patients without obesity. T2DM patients with obesity also had higher systolic blood pressure (p=0.001), LDL (low density lipoprotein) (p=0.02), TG (triglycerides) (p=0.02) and cholesterol (p=0.01) compared to T2DM patients without obesity. The mRNA expression of FNDC-5 (p< 0.0001) was lower in T2DM patients with obesity compared to T2DM patients without obesity. It was observed that the T2DM patients with vitamin-D deficiency had significantly lower FNDC-5 mRNA expression (p=0.03) when compared with those with sufficient vitamin-D level. T2DM patients with clinically normal vitamin-B12 level expressed 0.60 fold FNDC-5 mRNA expression while B12 deficient T2DM patients had 0.28 fold FNDC-5 mRNA expression (p=0.005). No as such significant association was was observed with selectin-E. A negative correlation of FNDC-5 mRNA expression with Post prandial glucose (mg/dl) (p=0.04) and TG (mg/dl) (p=0.02) was observed.Conclusion: FNDC-5 down regulation was observed with T2DM with obesity, vitamin-D and vitamin-B12 deficiency suggesting obesity, vitamin-D and vitamin-B12 deficiency could be the factor for FNDC-5 down-regulation leading to worseness or progression of disease. We suggest that FNDC-5 down-regulation could be used as an indicator for T2DM worseness and development of other associated complications.Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, FNDC-5, selectin-E, mRNA, expression
