Green Hydrogen and the Environment: a Review of Trends and Challenges in Scientific Production (2019-2023)

Abstract

This article focuses on the study of green hydrogen and its relationship with the environment, highlighting the growing importance of this topic in the context of the transition to more sustainable energy sources, noting that green hydrogen produced by renewable energy has become a fundamental resource for addressing current environmental and energy challenges. As for the methodology used to carry out this study, it is based on the review and analysis of a set of scientific articles published in journals indexed in Scopus and Web of Science for the period between 2019 and 2023, organizing the results into nine main categories covering topics such as hydrogen production with renewable energies, its climate benefit, social and economic implications, cost analysis and environmental impacts, among others. These categories represent the main research focuses in the field of green hydrogen and provide a comprehensive view of progress in this area. The analysis reveals that hydrogen production with renewable energies is a prominent research topic, closely followed by the analysis of its environmental and economic impacts. However, less explored areas are also identified, such as the use of green hydrogen and suitable water sources for its production. Finally, this article provides a comprehensive overview of recent research on green hydrogen and its environmental implications. The results highlight the importance of continuing to explore less studied areas and promote an integral approach to research on this key resource for energy and environmental sustainability.