Management of Pitted Keratolysis- A Rare Dermatological Condition

Abstract

Pitted keratolysis, a skin condition that damages the stratum corneum of the arch of the foot, is caused by gram positive bacteria. Responsible agents include Dermatophiluscongolensis, Corynebacterium sp., and Micrococcus sedentarius. These microbes all cause the epithelial tissue to develop tiny burrows [1]. Erythrasma, trichomycosisaxillaris, and pitted keratolysis each have been documented as concomitant corynebacterial illnesses, indicating that corynebacterium is a significant causative factor in all three conditions [2]. As per Ayurvedic texts, kustha illness refers to all skin conditions. Pitted keratolysis is a form of kustha disorder and can be categorised as Vipadika. It is successfully managed through adequate foot hygiene, antibiotic ointments, and bactericidals. This manuscript presents a 50-year-old male military employee, who visited the Outpatient Department (OPD) of the Department of Kayachiktsa with chief complaints of small punched-out lesions and itching on the plantar surface of bilateral feet for 2-3 months. The patient suffered from severe itching on sole of bilateral feet and having mild pain at the sole region while walking, which was associated with gradual peeling of the surface of skin. No such lesions were there elsewhere in the body. There was no relevant family history of the patient. There was no any significant medical history of hypertension or diabetes mellitus or any other allergic illness. On physical examination, small punch out lesions on the plantar surface of bilateral feet were observed. As in [Table/Fig-1], pitted keratolysis was diagnosed from the clinical appearance. Palmoplantar keratoderma, keratoderma, punctate palmoplantar, palmoplantar hypokeratoses, and verucae, are among the primary differential diagnoses [3]. In this case, for one month, the medicinal cleansing therapy and the ayurvedic palliative care were administered. Dhavan (proper wash) with Triphala patra kwath and Nimba patra kwath twice a day was advised as the medicinal cleansing therapy and Sarivadyasav in a dosage of 20 mL twice a day after meals with equal quantity of water, Mahatikta Ghrita in the dosage of 10 mL in the morning on empty stomach with lukewarm water was administered to the patient. For the preventive measure, proper maintenance of hygiene, always keeping the feet dry and altering socks and shoes frequently, along with rotating or letting out shoes was strictly advised to the patient. Triphala and Nimba possess antimicrobial action and so proper wash of bilateral feet with their decoction yields good results. Sarivadyasav is considered to be having Rakta shodhak action, which means, it helps in purifying the impure blood. Mahatikta Ghrita is described as Kushtaghna and helps in treating many kinds of skin diseases [4]. After the completion of the treatment, it was found that the punched out lesions associated with itching in bilateral feet healed significantly. Following a one month follow-up, significant recovery was seen. A good prognosis was seen and the lesions healed within three to four weeks [Table/Fig-2].

Keywords

• gram positive bacteria
• stratum corneum
• vipadika