Effects of Tai Chi On Cognitive Functions and Motor Learning in Persons with Multiple Sclerosis

Abstract

Research background. The existing evidence supports the effectiveness of Tai Chi for persons with multiple sclerosis (MS) in various domains including depression, coordination, balance, and fatigue. However, we are not aware of any previous studies of the effects of Tai Chi on cognition and motor skill learning in persons with MS. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of Tai Chi on cognitive functions and motor learning in persons with multiple sclerosis. Methods. The study included 16 participants with MS. They were randomly assigned to intervention (n = 8) and control (n = 8) groups. The intervention consisted of a 60-min Tai Chi exercise program twice a week, for 8 weeks, while the control group was instructed to maintain their routine daily activities. Cognitive functions and learning of accurate movements were evaluated before and after the 8 weeks in each group. Results. Tai Chi exercise program improved (p < 0.05) working memory and attention switching, whereas no changes were observed in short-term memory and attention stability in persons with multiple sclerosis. Furthermore, Tai Chi facilitated (p < 0.05) motor learning when compared with the control group. Conclusions. Tai Chi can be used as an effective intervention to improve cognitive functions, such as working memory and predictable attention switching, and motor skill learning in persons with multiple sclerosis. Keywords: working memory, attention switching, meditation, motor skills. Keywords: working memory, attention switching, meditation, motor skills.