Comprehensive Assessment of Land Requirements for 100% Solar Energy Transition in Smart Cities

Abstract

Navigating towards a sustainable future, this paper meticulously reviews diverse studies, exploring the intricate dynamics of transitioning to 100% solar energy in smart cities, whilst particularly scrutinising land requirements. The studies, set against varied geographical and socioeconomic backdrops, delve into the technical and economic feasibility, alongside environmental repercussions of a wholesale shift towards renewable energy in urban environments. For example, a detailed exploration of Delhi’s multi-sectoral energy transition pathway unveils potential in slashing primary energy and costs, mitigating greenhouse gas emissions, and bolstering the energy job sector. Another study elucidates a methodology for crafting Smart Energy Cities, exemplified by Aalborg’s transition within Denmark’s 100% renewable energy framework. Additionally, an examination of the economic and environmental performance of renewable energy systems in diverse Chinese residential communities highlights the predominance of solar energy and biomass, revealing disparities in investment recovery and emission reductions. Collectively, these studies illuminate the multifaceted aspects of renewable energy transitions in urban contexts, steering towards a globally sustainable, efficient, and secure energy future.