EPJ Web of Conferences (Jan 2019)

Summary of the main results of the KASCADE and KASCADE-Grande experiments

  • Chiavassa A.,
  • Apel W.D.,
  • Arteaga-Velázquez J.C.,
  • Bekk K.,
  • Bertaina M.,
  • Blümer J.,
  • Bozdog H.,
  • Brancus I.M.,
  • Cantoni E.,
  • Cossavella F.,
  • Daumiller K.,
  • de Souza V.,
  • Di Pierro F.,
  • Doll P.,
  • Engel R.,
  • Fuhrmann D.,
  • Gherghel-Lascu A.,
  • Gils H.J.,
  • Glasstetter R.,
  • Grupen C.,
  • Haungs A.,
  • Heck D.,
  • Hörandel J.R.,
  • Huber D.,
  • Huege T.,
  • Kampert K.-H.,
  • Kang D.,
  • Klages H.O.,
  • Link K.,
  • Łuczak P.,
  • Mathes H.J.,
  • Mayer H.J.,
  • Milke J.,
  • Mitrica B.,
  • Morello C.,
  • Oehlschläger J.,
  • Ostapchenko S.,
  • Palmieri N.,
  • Pierog T.,
  • Rebel H.,
  • Roth M.,
  • Schieler H.,
  • Schoo S.,
  • Schröder F.G.,
  • Sima O.,
  • Toma G.,
  • Trinchero G.C.,
  • Ulrich H.,
  • Weindl A.,
  • Wochele J.,
  • Zabierowski J.

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201920803002
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 208
p. 03002

Abstract

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The KASCADE and KASCADE-Grande experiments operated in KIT-Campus North, Karlsruhe (Germany) from 1993 to 2012. The two experiments studied primary cosmic rays in the energy range from 1014 eV to 1018 eV, investigating the change of slope of the spectrum detected at 2 - 4 × 1015 eV, the so called knee. We briefly review the performance of the experiments and then the main results obtained in the operation of both experiments: the test of hadronic interaction models, the all particle primary spectrum, the elemental composition of primary cosmic rays (with the first claim of a knee-like feature of the heavy primaries spectrum) and the search for large scale anisotropies.