To Evaluate the Indications of Caesarean Section among the Population of Karnataka: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: The incidence of Caesarean Section (CS) is increasing day by day among urban and rural population globally. Hence, a need of the study was required to find out the incidence of CS among population in a backward district of Karnataka. Aim and Objectives: To evaluate the rising trends in CS rate in both primigravida and multigravida. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among 513 patients (92.7% rural and 7.3% urban) admitted in labour ward at a tertiary referral centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka. The indications were analysed by standard procedures and the decision for CS were under taken by qualified professionals accordingly. Results: Total incidence of CS in the present study was 200(38.98%) out of 513 patients admitted. Out of 200 patients who underwent CS, were found to be primigravida 83 (41.5%) and were multigravida 117 (58.5%). The most common indication of CS in this study was found to be the Foetal Distress (FD) (35.5%) followed by Cephalo-pelvic Disproportion (CPD) (21%) and others (43.5%). Study also shows 90% of rural patients (n=180) and 10% of urban patients (n=20) had underwent CS (n=200). Interestingly it was noticed that age group of 21-30 years had maximum number of CS (74%). Conclusion: The results indicate the high incidence of CS among rural population of Vijayapura, Karnataka of which the common indication was FD, dystocia and failure to progress of labour. The increased incidence of CS is in primigravida and primary CS in multigravida in the perspective of various societal and medico-legal issues.

Keywords

• Caesarean section
• Maternal Age
• Foetal Distress
• Cephalo-pelvic Disproportion