Energies (Dec 2021)

Design and Implementation of an Intelligent Blade Pitch Control System and Stability Analysis for a Small Darrieus Vertical-Axis Wind Turbine

  • Gebreel Abdalrahman,
  • Mohamed A. Daoud,
  • William W. Melek,
  • Fue-Sang Lien,
  • Eugene Yee

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/en15010235
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 15, no. 1
p. 235

Abstract

Read online

A few studies have been conducted recently in order to improve the aerodynamic performance of Darrieus vertical-axis wind turbines with straight blades (H-type VAWTs). The blade pitch angle control is proposed to enhance the performance of H-type VAWTs. This paper aims to investigate the performance of an H-type VAWT in terms of its power output and self-starting capability using an intelligent blade pitch control strategy based on a multi-layer perceptron artificial neural network (MLP-ANN) method. The performance of the proposed blade pitch controller is investigated by adding a conventional controller (PID) to the MLP-ANN controller (i.e., a hybrid controller). The dynamics of an H-type VAWT is mathematically modeled in a nonlinear state space for the stability analysis in the sense of Lyapunov. The effectiveness of the proposed pitch control system is validated by building an H-type VAWT prototype model that is extensively tested outdoors under different conditions for both fixed and variable pitch angle configurations. Results demonstrated that the blade-pitching technique enhanced the power output of an H-type VAWT by approximately 22%. The hybrid controller that used a high percentage of the MLP-ANN controller achieved a better control performance by reducing the overshoot of the control response at high rotor speeds.

Keywords