Ciência e Agrotecnologia (Oct 2010)
Otimização do descascamento químico de raízes do yacon (Polymnia sonchifolia Poepp.) Optimization of chemical peeling of yacon roots (Polymnia sonchifolia Poepp.)
Abstract
Foi utilizado o delineamento fatorial completo 2³ para estudar o efeito das variáveis de processo no descascamento químico de raízes do yacon, cultivadas na região metropolitana de Curitiba, estado do Paraná. Foram realizados 11 experimentos, com três repetições no ponto central, nos quais foram avaliados em três níveis a concentração da solução de hidróxido de sódio, % (g/100 mL) [6, 10, 14], temperatura da solução de hidróxido de sódio, °C [70, 80, 90] e tempo de permanência na solução de hidróxido de sódio, minutos [2,4,6]. Todas as variáveis estudadas afetaram de forma significativa (pA full factorial design 2³ was used to evaluate the effect of process variables in chemical peeling of yacon roots, cultivated in Curitiba, State of Paraná. Eleven treatments, with three central points, were done in which they had been evaluated at three different levels of sodium hydroxide solution, % (g/100 mL) [6, 10, 14], temperature of the same solution, °C [70, 80, 90], and residence time in the sodium hydroxide solution, minutes [2, 4, 6]. All the studied variables had affected significantly (p<0.05) the yield of yacon roots subjected to chemical peeling. The variable that most affected the yield was the time of permanence in the sodium hydroxide solution. The mathematical model obtained for the yield (%) was good with R² aj = 0.8497, and non significant lack of fit (p=0.9312).Therefore, the model can be used for predictive purposes. In the central point a satisfactory yield (84% to 87%) with a high percentage of removed peel was obtained (96% to 98%) indicating that the treatment with 10% of sodium hydroxide solution, temperature of 80º C per 4 minutes can be used in the chemical peeling of yacon roots.
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