The Investigation of Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Properties of Champereia Manillana(Blume) Merr Stem Bark

Abstract

Champereia manillana (Blume) Merr. is one of the plant species that lacks research despite many beneficial claims from consumers. Studies conducted on this species have merely discussed bioactive phytochemicals in the leaves and roots. Therefore, the objectives of this study are to screen for terpenoids, triterpenoids, diterpenoids, carotenoids, flavonoids, phenolics, and steroids, and to evaluate the antioxidant activities of C. manillana stem bark methanolic extract. The plant material was collected from the Forest of ‘Ilm, IIUM. The stem bark powder was macerated in methanol. Phytochemical screening tests were utilized to determine the presence of the phytochemicals. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) analysis was carried out on the samples using iodine vapor, ferric chloride solution, vanillin solution, and UV light. Next, the total phenolic and flavonoid content tests were conducted to obtain quantitative results, and the antioxidant activity was assessed using the DPPH assay. C. manillana stem bark extract tested positive for steroid and terpenoid contents and negative for carotenoids and flavonoids. For the TLC, the extract was found positive for iodine vapor, UV light, and vanillin/H2SO4 and negative for the ferric chloride test. The flavonoid content was 0.995 mg CE/g, while the phenolic content was 12.326 mg GAE/g. For the DPPH assay, the IC50 value was high (26 mg/mL) compared to the positive control, ascorbic acid, which had an IC50 value of 6.730 µg/mL. The percentage inhibition at 10 mg/mL was 23.4%. Phytochemical screening indicates the presence of steroids and terpenoids in C. manillana stem bark methanolic extract. Compared to the standard (ascorbic acid), the antioxidant activity of the extract is very weak.

Keywords

• Champereia manillana
• phytochemical screening
• total flavonoid content
• total phenolic content
• antioxidant