A Self-Adaptive Routing Region in Wireless Sensor Network’s Heterogeneous Traffic

Abstract

The paper presents a new routing scheme using the information on the locations of nodes to create a routing region that controls the region of packet routing to achieve route optimization. The proposed scheme aimed to reduce the occurrence of packet detours or other routing overheads caused by the undirected packet transmission. The strength of this approach is that it can improve the lifetime of nodes in the network while decreasing the time taken for a packet to arrive at its destination or base station (BS). The proposed scheme used a self-adaptive algorithm that dynamically adjusted the routing region based on the BS’s calculation of the network layer parameters to achieve energy efficiency while satisfying data quality. The routing region limits the area of routing and restricts data flooding in the entire network, which potentially will waste resources and cause data redundancy. The simulation showed that the proposed scheme outperformed, the original fitness scheme and SPEED, according to energy consumption, transmission delay, throughput, and reliability (packet delivery ratio) under different congestion levels. The proposed scheme offered double the throughput and shortened packet delay by 20%. Furthermore, it had a longer lifetime, exceeding other schemes by approximately twofold when the traffic was not too congested. However, the gap decreases when the network becomes worse.

Keywords

• wireless sensor networks (wsns)
• routing algorithm
• self-adaptive algorithm
• quality of service (qos)
• heterogeneous traffic
• congested networks
• energy efficiency
• network lifetime