Earth's Future (Feb 2022)
Net‐Zero CO2 Germany—A Retrospect From the Year 2050
- Nadine Mengis,
- Aram Kalhori,
- Sonja Simon,
- Carina Harpprecht,
- Lars Baetcke,
- Enric Prats‐Salvado,
- Cornelia Schmidt‐Hattenberger,
- Angela Stevenson,
- Christian Dold,
- Juliane ElZohbi,
- Malgorzata Borchers,
- Daniela Thrän,
- Klaas Korte,
- Erik Gawel,
- Tobias Dolch,
- Dominik Heß,
- Christopher Yeates,
- Terese Thoni,
- Till Markus,
- Eva Schill,
- Mengzhu Xiao,
- Fiona Köhnke,
- Andreas Oschlies,
- Johannes Förster,
- Knut Görl,
- Martin Dornheim,
- Torsten Brinkmann,
- Silke Beck,
- David Bruhn,
- Zhan Li,
- Bettina Steuri,
- Michael Herbst,
- Torsten Sachs,
- Nathalie Monnerie,
- Thomas Pregger,
- Daniela Jacob,
- Roland Dittmeyer
Affiliations
- Nadine Mengis
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel Kiel Germany
- Aram Kalhori
- GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences Potsdam Germany
- Sonja Simon
- German Aerospace Center (DLR) Institute of Networked Energy Systems Stuttgart Germany
- Carina Harpprecht
- German Aerospace Center (DLR) Institute of Networked Energy Systems Stuttgart Germany
- Lars Baetcke
- Material Design Institute of Hydrogen Technology Helmholtz‐Zentrum Hereon Geesthacht Germany
- Enric Prats‐Salvado
- German Aerospace Center (DLR) Institute Future Fuels Cologne Germany
- Cornelia Schmidt‐Hattenberger
- GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences Potsdam Germany
- Angela Stevenson
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel Kiel Germany
- Christian Dold
- Department of Agroecology Aarhus University (AU) Tjele Denmark
- Juliane ElZohbi
- Climate Service Center Germany (GERICS) Helmholtz‐Zentrum Hereon Hamburg Germany
- Malgorzata Borchers
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH (UFZ) Leipzig Germany
- Daniela Thrän
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH (UFZ) Leipzig Germany
- Klaas Korte
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH (UFZ) Leipzig Germany
- Erik Gawel
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH (UFZ) Leipzig Germany
- Tobias Dolch
- Wadden Sea Station Sylt Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) List Germany
- Dominik Heß
- Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Eggenstein‐Leopoldshafen Germany
- Christopher Yeates
- GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences Potsdam Germany
- Terese Thoni
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH (UFZ) Leipzig Germany
- Till Markus
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH (UFZ) Leipzig Germany
- Eva Schill
- Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Eggenstein‐Leopoldshafen Germany
- Mengzhu Xiao
- German Aerospace Center (DLR) Institute of Networked Energy Systems Stuttgart Germany
- Fiona Köhnke
- Climate Service Center Germany (GERICS) Helmholtz‐Zentrum Hereon Hamburg Germany
- Andreas Oschlies
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel Kiel Germany
- Johannes Förster
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH (UFZ) Leipzig Germany
- Knut Görl
- Climate Service Center Germany (GERICS) Helmholtz‐Zentrum Hereon Hamburg Germany
- Martin Dornheim
- Material Design Institute of Hydrogen Technology Helmholtz‐Zentrum Hereon Geesthacht Germany
- Torsten Brinkmann
- Institute of Membrane Research Helmholtz‐Zentrum Hereon Geesthacht Germany
- Silke Beck
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH (UFZ) Leipzig Germany
- David Bruhn
- GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences Potsdam Germany
- Zhan Li
- GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences Potsdam Germany
- Bettina Steuri
- Climate Service Center Germany (GERICS) Helmholtz‐Zentrum Hereon Hamburg Germany
- Michael Herbst
- Agrosphere Institute IBG‐3 Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH (FZJ) Jülich Germany
- Torsten Sachs
- GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences Potsdam Germany
- Nathalie Monnerie
- German Aerospace Center (DLR) Institute Future Fuels Cologne Germany
- Thomas Pregger
- German Aerospace Center (DLR) Institute of Networked Energy Systems Stuttgart Germany
- Daniela Jacob
- Climate Service Center Germany (GERICS) Helmholtz‐Zentrum Hereon Hamburg Germany
- Roland Dittmeyer
- Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Eggenstein‐Leopoldshafen Germany
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1029/2021EF002324
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 10,
no. 2
pp. n/a – n/a
Abstract
Abstract Germany 2050: For the first time Germany reached a balance between its sources of anthropogenic CO2 to the atmosphere and newly created anthropogenic sinks. This backcasting study presents a fictional future in which this goal was achieved by avoiding (∼645 Mt CO2), reducing (∼50 Mt CO2) and removing (∼60 Mt CO2) carbon emissions. This meant substantial transformation of the energy system, increasing energy efficiency, sector coupling, and electrification, energy storage solutions including synthetic energy carriers, sector‐specific solutions for industry, transport, and agriculture, as well as natural‐sink enhancement and technological carbon dioxide options. All of the above was necessary to achieve a net‐zero CO2 system for Germany by 2050.
Keywords
- net‐zero
- carbon dioxide removal
- negative emissions
- mitigation
- natural‐sink enhancement
- geological storage