Synbiotic Effects of <i>Saccharomyces</i><i>cerevisiae</i>, Mannan Oligosaccharides, and β-Glucan on Innate Immunity, Antioxidant Status, and Disease Resistance of Nile Tilapia, <i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>

Abstract

Synbiotic (SYN) additives were assessed as an antibiotic alternative on the effects on the nonspecific immune response and disease resistance of O. niloticus to P. aeruginosa. Healthy fish (n = 120, average initial weight 18 ± 2 g) were allotted randomly into four experimental groups (3 replicates for each); 1) a control group with no additives (CON), 2) basal diet complemented with 0.1 g kg–1 diets of norfloxacin, NFLX, 3) basal diet fortified with 1 mL kg–1 diet of SYN, and 4) basal diet complemented with a mixture of NFLX and SYN, which was carried out for eight weeks. Results showed a significant increase (p O. niloticus following the P. aeruginosa challenge was decreased in the SYN group compared to other groups. The results emphasize that synbiotic could be used as a norfloxacin alternative to enhance the related immunological parameters, including antioxidant activity and disease resistance against P. aeruginosa infection of O. niloticus.

Keywords

• <i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>
• synbiotic
• norfloxacin
• innate immunity
• antioxidant activity
• <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>