Pathogens (Sep 2023)

Active Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance and Carbapenemase-Encoding Genes According to Sites of Care and Age Groups in Mexico: Results from the INVIFAR Network

  • Fabian Rojas-Larios,
  • Bernardo Alfonso Martínez-Guerra,
  • Luis Esaú López-Jácome,
  • Enrique Bolado-Martínez,
  • María del Rosario Vázquez-Larios,
  • María del Consuelo Velázquez-Acosta,
  • Daniel Romero-Romero,
  • Christian Daniel Mireles-Dávalos,
  • Sandra Quintana-Ponce,
  • José Manuel Feliciano-Guzmán,
  • José Miguel Pérez-Hernandez,
  • Yoselin Paola Correa-León,
  • Eduardo López-Gutiérrez,
  • Eduardo Rodriguez-Noriega,
  • Esteban González-Díaz,
  • Elena Victoria Choy-Chang,
  • Juan Pablo Mena-Ramírez,
  • Víctor Antonio Monroy-Colín,
  • Alfredo Ponce-de-León-Garduño,
  • Margarita Alcaraz-Espejel,
  • Laura Karina Avilés-Benítez,
  • Luís Javier Quintanilla-Cazares,
  • Eloisa Ramírez-Alanís,
  • Juan Manuel Barajas-Magallón,
  • Cecilia Padilla-Ibarra,
  • Maria Bertha Ballesteros-Silva,
  • Noe Antonio Atanacio-Sixto,
  • Cecilia Teresita Morales-de-la-Peña,
  • Mario Galindo-Méndez,
  • Talía Pérez-Vicelis,
  • Guillermo Jacobo-Baca,
  • Martha Irene Moreno-Méndez,
  • María de la Luz Mora-Pacheco,
  • Maricruz Gutiérrez-Brito,
  • Xochitl Yadira Sánchez-Godínez,
  • Norberta Vianey Navarro-Vargas,
  • Luz Elena Mercado-Bravo,
  • Alejandro Delgado-Barrientos,
  • María Asunción Santiago-Calderón,
  • Ismelda López-Ovilla,
  • Alejandro Molina-Chavarria,
  • Joaquín Rincón-Zuno,
  • Rafael Franco-Cendejas,
  • Sandra Miranda-Mauricio,
  • Isabel Cristina Márquez-Avalos,
  • Maribel López-García,
  • Lizbeth Soraya Duarte-Miranda,
  • Carlos Miguel Cetina-Umaña,
  • Irma Elena Barroso-Herrera-y-Cairo,
  • Laura Isabel López-Moreno,
  • Elvira Garza-González

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12091144
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 12, no. 9
p. 1144

Abstract

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We analyzed the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) data of 6519 clinical isolates of Escherichia coli (n = 3985), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 775), Acinetobacter baumannii (n = 163), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 781), Enterococcus faecium (n = 124), and Staphylococcus aureus (n = 691) from 43 centers in Mexico. AMR assays were performed using commercial microdilution systems (37/43) and the disk diffusion susceptibility method (6/43). The presence of carbapenemase-encoding genes was assessed using PCR. Data from centers regarding site of care, patient age, and clinical specimen were collected. According to the site of care, the highest AMR was observed in E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and P. aeruginosa isolates from ICU patients. In contrast, in A. baumannii, higher AMR was observed in isolates from hospitalized non-ICU patients. According to age group, the highest AMR was observed in the ≥60 years age group for E. coli, E. faecium, and S. aureus, and in the 19–59 years age group for A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa. According to clinical specimen type, a higher AMR was observed in E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and P. aeruginosa isolates from blood specimens. The most frequently detected carbapenemase-encoding gene in E. coli was blaNDM (84%).

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