Population, carbon dioxide emissions and renewable energy consumption nexus: New insights from Vietnam

Abstract

This academic paper investigates the intricate relationships among population dynamics, carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and renewable energy consumption in Vietnam. The study used the Autoregressive Distributed Lag approach and fixed panel data method to examine the nexus between population, CO2 emissions and renewable energy consumption in Vietnam. The data is collected at the World Bank from 2000 to 2023. As the nation undergoes rapid economic development and urbanization, understanding the nexus between population growth, environmental impact and the transition to renewable energy sources becomes crucial. The study employs a multidimensional analytical approach that integrates demographic trends, environmental science and energy economics to unveil novel evidence into the complex interplay of these factors. The significant findings indicate a positive trajectory in renewable energy consumption, with notable contributions from solar, wind and hydropower sources. Concurrently, population growth, particularly in urban centres, correlates with increased CO2 emissions, emphasizing the role of demographic shifts in environmental impact. Policy implications derived from these results underscore the need for integrated strategies. Targeted policies promoting renewable energy in urban centres, incentivizing cleaner industrial practices and fostering community engagement emerge as crucial avenues for sustainable development. In essence, this study contributes valuable insights into the dynamic relationships among population dynamics, CO2 emissions and renewable energy consumption in Vietnam, offering a foundation for evidence-based policymaking and guiding future research endeavours in sustainable development.