R&D Expenditures and Growth: An Empirical Analysis on Agricultural Sector of Turkey

Abstract

Research and development (R&D) expenditures play an important role in innovation, increasing productivity and economic growth. R&D expenditures are carried out by public and private sectors to increase the quality and productivity in agricultural production. This study reveals the current state of agricultural R&D spending in the world and in Turkey. In addition, the study examines the Granger causality between the agricultural sector R&D spending and agricultural output in Turkey by using 2003-2017 as a sample period. The results of the study reveal a two-way causality between agricultural R&D expenditures and agricultural output. That is, R&D expenditures positively affect agricultural output and at the same time agricultural output has a positive impact on R&D expenditures.

Keywords

• r&d
• agricultural revenue
• granger causality
• turkey