An Intertextuality Approach to the Works of Daniel Defoe’s “Robinson Crusoe” and Michel Tournier’s “Friday, or, The Other İsland” / Daniel Defoe’nun “Robinson Crusoe” ve Michel Tournier’nin “Cuma ya da Pasifik Arafı” Eserlerine Metinlerarası Bir Yaklaşım

Abstract

The concept of intertextual relations that emerged in the 1960s is based on the fact that each text consists of a combination of other texts, and in this context all texts are connected to each other in some way. The French literary theorist Gérard Genette defined all kinds of relations between texts as transtextuality. One type of transtextuality is hypertextuality relationships which refer to any relationship uniting hypertext to its predecessor hypotext. One field on this kind of relationships seems to occurs is rewriting. Daniel Defoe’s “Robinson Crusoe” was written in the eighteenth century and is the literary text of Alexander Selkirk’s true story. Michel Tournier’s “Friday or the Other Island” was written in twenty centuries and is a modern rewrite of Defoe’s “Robinson Crusoe”. In this study, a research will be made aiming to determine the cause, the nature and extent of hypertextuality relationship between the “Robinson Crusoe” and “Friday or the Other Island”. At the end of the study, the traces of temporal, spatial, narrative, valuation transformations determined by Gérard Genette is clearly defined between the hypotext and the hypertext. The hypotext “Robinson Crusoe” undergoes heterodiegetic transformation and became the hypertext “Friday or the Other Island”. In this context, it determined that Michel Tournier, changed and transformed a text which written before within a different context and a with a new meaning so he created his own specific text

Keywords

• : transtextuality
• hypertextuality
• transdiegetization
• transvocalization