Men’s gallbladder cancer: epidemiology, prevention, and treatment strategies

Abstract

Herein, it was aimed to review the epidemiology, prevention, and treatment strategies for men’s gallbladder cancer (GBC). “Gallbladder cancer” and “GBC” were searched in four online databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus and Google Scholar). Six from 987 articles were selected after inclusion and exclusion processes. Data were collected online from all the studies. It was confirmed that GBC began with the weight control through glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), type 2 diabetes treatment, or healthy diet. GBC treatment strategies included surgery, chemotherapy and targeted therapies. New oral agents such as varlitinib, capecitabine, trifluridine/tripiracil (FTD/TPI), and pemigatinib with olaparib were employed as the second-line treatment for GBC. Understanding the epidemiology, prevention, and treatment strategies regarding GBC could minimize its negative prognosis and provide support for developing new therapies in future. Despite the continuous advancements pertaining to cancers, studies had been lacking on GBC. More information on GBC regarding prevention and treatment strategies would improve its handling.

Keywords

• gallbladder cancer
• epidemiology
• prevention
• treatment strategies