Review on Disaster of Wire Icing in China

Abstract

The disaster of wire icing is one important natural disaster that causes accidents in the power system. Its research progress is summarized from the related concepts and classification of wire icing, the influence and hazard of wire icing, temporal and spatial distribution characteristics, causes, influence factors, forecast models, risk assessment, and preventive measures are integrated. Besides, the further research directions of wire icing are also investigated. In China, wire icing can be classified as two major kinds, including glaze ice and rime ice. The hazards caused by wire icing mainly include line overload accidents, adjacent uneven ice coating or deicing accidents in different periods, insulator string ice flash accidents, and ice-coated wire galloping accidents. The most important conditions for ice accretion are the presence of cold air and sufficient water vapor conditions, which are closely related to the atmospheric circulation situation. The environmental causes of wire icing also include quasi-stationary fronts, vertical atmospheric structure, and temperature inversion. In addition, it is also affected by meteorological factors, terrain, height, the characteristics of the wires themselves and so on. In general, the disaster of wire icing presents a distribution pattern of rime ice in the north and glaze ice in the south. In the north, the areas with frequent wire icing are scattered, and in the south are distributed in strips. The disaster of wire icing mainly occurs in winter, and occasionally occurs in autumn and spring. The earliest start date is usually in October and the last finish date is in the next April, and the dates vary depending on the latitudes. The disaster of wire icing appears more frequently in the winter months of December, January, and February. Under historical climate warming condition, the number of ice accretions has a change in the 1980s and 1990s, which declines after the 1990s. Since the 1950s, various ice accretion prediction models have been developed. In the early days, some fixed models are proposed, and later, many regional models are established using regression methods, artificial neural networks, support vector machines and other methods. The current risk assessment of disaster of wire icing mainly focuses on risks and vulnerabilities. Future research directions include the comprehensive indicators of wire icing based on multidisciplinary indicators, comprehensive risk assessment based on catastrophic processes, and the impact of climate change on wire icing.

Keywords

• wire icing
• impact and harm
• meteorological factors
• forecast model