AIDS Research and Therapy (Jan 2024)

Hypertension among persons living with HIV/AIDS and its association with HIV-related health factors

  • Mawulorm K. I. Denu,
  • Ritika Revoori,
  • Maame Araba E. Buadu,
  • Oluwakemi Oladele,
  • Kofi Poku Berko

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12981-023-00576-2
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 21, no. 1
pp. 1 – 6

Abstract

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Abstract Background Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection remains a public health concern in many countries. The increased life expectancy in the post-Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) era has led to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and death among Persons Living with HIV (PLHIV). Hypertension remains a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease among PLHIV. Some studies have suggested associations between hypertension among PLHIV and HIV-related health factors. Objective To determine the prevalence of hypertension among PLHIV on antiretroviral medications and examine its association with HIV-related health factors. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among attendants at an adult HIV clinic. 362 study participants were selected by systematic sampling. Data on hypertension diagnosis, HIV-related health factors, sociodemographic and other traditional cardiovascular risk factors were collected using a standardized questionnaire and patient chart review. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to determine the association between hypertension and HIV-related factors, adjusting for other risk factors for hypertension. Results The mean age of participants was 47.9 years and majority of participants were female (77.1%). 42% of study participants had been on antiretroviral medications for > 10 years. The prevalence of hypertension was 17.4%. Age > 50 years was associated with higher odds of hypertension (aOR: 3.75, 95%CI 1.68, 8.55, p-value: 0.002). BMI in overweight and obese categories, and a history of comorbid medical conditions (diabetes, hyperlipidemia) were also associated with higher odds of hypertension (aOR: 3. 76, 95%CI 1.44, 9.81, p-value: 0.007), (aOR: 3.17, 95%CI 1.21, 8.32, p-value: 0.019) and (aOR: 14.25, 95%CI 7.41, 27.41, p-value: 50 years, increased BMI, and a history of comorbid medical conditions.

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