Soliton: A dispersion-less solution with existence and its types

Abstract

A solitary wave is the dispersion-less solution of nonlinear evolutionary equations that travels at a constant speed without dissipating its energy. The purpose of this article is to provide insight into the discovery and history of solitons. The different types of the solitons are discussed in brief that is helpful for the researchers. For the discussion of the nature of solitons, the solution behavior of the Korteweg de Vries equation (KdV), the sine-Gordon (SG), the Camassa-Holm (CH) equation, and the nonlinear Schrodinger (NLS) equation are considered. This article deals with the various applications of solitons in different fields such as biophysics, nonlinear optics, Bose-Einstein condensation, plasma physics, Josephson junction, etc. focusing on the properties of solitons based on their classification.

Keywords

• Korteweg de Vries equation
• sine-Gordon equation
• Camassa-Holm equation
• Nonlinear Schrodinger equation
• Solitons
• Properties of solitons