Unleashing the electrochemical performance of zirconia nanoparticles on valve-regulated lead acid battery

Sanjay H. Rajur; Bipin S. Chikkatti; Abdulwasa Bakr Barnawi; Javed Khan Bhutto; T. M. Yunus Khan; Ashok M. Sajjan; Nagaraj R. Banapurmath; A.B. Raju

Heliyon (Apr 2024)

Unleashing the electrochemical performance of zirconia nanoparticles on valve-regulated lead acid battery

Sanjay H. Rajur,
Bipin S. Chikkatti,
Abdulwasa Bakr Barnawi,
Javed Khan Bhutto,
T. M. Yunus Khan,
Ashok M. Sajjan,
Nagaraj R. Banapurmath,
A.B. Raju

Affiliations

Sanjay H. Rajur: Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, 580031, India
Bipin S. Chikkatti: Department of Chemistry, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, 580031, India
Abdulwasa Bakr Barnawi: Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
Javed Khan Bhutto: Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
T. M. Yunus Khan: Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
Ashok M. Sajjan: Department of Chemistry, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, 580031, India; Centre of Excellence in Material Science, School of Mechanical Engineering, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, 580031, India; Corresponding author. Department of Chemistry, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, 580031, India.
Nagaraj R. Banapurmath: Centre of Excellence in Material Science, School of Mechanical Engineering, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, 580031, India
A.B. Raju: Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, 580031, India

Journal volume & issue: Vol. 10, no. 8
p. e29724

Abstract

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The electrochemical act of valve-regulated lead acid batteries can be enhanced by conductive materials like metal oxides. This work aims to examine the preparation and influence of zirconia on poly(vinyl alcohol) based gel valve-regulated lead acid battery. Characterizations like Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ionic conductivity, water retention study, cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and galvanostatic charge-discharge techniques were done. The optimized gel system exhibited a discharge capacity of 198.45 μAh cm−2 at the current density of 0.6 mA cm−2. The battery cell with an optimized gel matrix displayed a maximum discharge capacity of 22.5 μAh at a current of 20 μA. After 500 continuous cycles, the battery attained a discharge capacity retention of 91 %. The presence of zirconia will increase the electrochemical performance of gel valve-regulated lead acid batteries.

Published in Heliyon

ISSN: 2405-8440 (Online)
Publisher: Elsevier
Country of publisher: United Kingdom
LCC subjects: Science: Science (General); Social Sciences: Social sciences (General)
Website: https://www.cell.com/heliyon/home

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