L’idéologie du mouvement Oustachi de 1930 à 1941

Abstract

If Italian fascism was a model for Pavelić, could the Oustachi movement be considered fascist? What were its ideological roots? Had the policies that led to the 1941 massacres been inherent to the ideology of the movement ever since the 1930s? These are the questions that this communication addresses. The birth of the Oustachi organisation, called UHRO, can be traced to the spring of 1930. Even if it succumbed to the powerful influence of Mussolini’s Italy, the Oustachi revolutionary movement cannot be considered purely fascist. Before 1941, for Ante Pavelić the goal of the movement boiled down to the creation of an independent Croatian state of which he himself would control absolutely. The 'Serb question' was not explicitly raised during these years, but it is clear that the discourse of the organisation changed toward the end of the 1930s and that from 1941 onward, under exceptional circumstances, the Oustachi ideology was directly inspired by fascism and national socialism.

Keywords

• Pavelić Ante (1889-1959)
• Ustachi
• Independent State of Croatia
• National Socialism
• Croatia
• Yugoslavia