Rare neuroendocrine tumor decades after bladder exstrophy repair with enterocystoplasty

Abstract

Bladder exstrophy is associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer. Adenocarcinoma is the main histological type found in the bladder exstrophy, accounting for 95% of cases, whereas squamous cell carcinoma accounts for 3–5% cases. We present here the rare case of the development of a metastatic neuroendocrine tumor on a bladder exstrophy, 26 years after enterocystoplasty enlargement. We describe the presentation of the cancer and the results after treatment by surgery and chemotherapy. Keywords: Bladder exstrophy, Neuroendocrine carcinoma, Urinary bladder neoplasms