История: факты и символы (Sep 2021)
HISTORY OF RELATIONSHIP OF THE STATE AND CHRISTIAN CHURCHES IN THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE IN THE XIX CENTURY
Abstract
The article is devoted to the situation of Christian churches in the Russian Empire. The relevance of this topic is connected with the need to study the interaction of the church and the state. After the era of palace coups, foreigners of various confessions settled in Russia. In this regard, a system was needed that controlled interaction with foreign faiths. As you know, the XIX century belongs to the Synodal period of the history of Russia. The church was managed at this time by the Holy Synod. The article analyzes the structure for the management of foreign faiths in Russia. When compiling the Code of Laws of the Russian Empire, normative acts were developed on the interaction of the state and church organizations. In addition, the article considers the dialogue of the Russian Orthodox Church with representatives of Christian churches: Anglicans, Catholics, Protestants and Old Catholics. The author concludes that religious dialogues influenced relations with European States. Interfaith dialogues during the Russian Empire have become an instrument of foreign policy. This is emphasized by examples of softening relations in foreign policy through dialogue of church organizations. The article addresses the concept of the "national question," which became one of the reasons for the first and second Russian revolutions. The appearance of the "national question" in the Russian Empire was also associated with the directions of the religious policy of the Russian state in the second half of the 19th century. As a result, the author concludes that religious policy occupied an important place in the state system of the Russian Empire. The issue of building relations with church organizations was given close attention. The article uses materials from the church press, information from legislative acts of the Russian Empire of the XIX century.
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