Hypophosphatemia after parenteral iron replacement in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a case report series

Abstract

Hypophosphatemia as a side effect of parenteral iron administration has been well described in the recent literature. However clear protocols or recommendations for prevention, timely recognition and treatment are not available. Different data on risk factors in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) according to the published papers further complicate the understanding of hypophosphatemia and long-term complications, and thus the necessary steps in an adequate approach to prevention and treatment. By presenting a series of clinical cases of four IBD patients, we want to show the heterogeneity of the clinical presentation of hypophosphatemia, the influence of nutritional, inflammatory and other factors and also possible treatment modalities. Furthermore, we want to point out which group of IBD patients is at additional risk of developing hypophoshatemia, with the aim of timely diagnosis and treatment initiation.

Keywords

• inflammatory bowel diseases – complications; anemia
• iron-deficiency – drug therapy
• etiology; hypophosphatemia – chemically induced
• diagnosis
• therapy; ferric compounds- administration and dosage
• adverse effects
• therapeutic use; maltose – adverse effects; infusions