Clinical features and risk factors of deep vein thrombosis in COVID-19 patients:a retrospective analysis of 1 771 hospitalized patients

Abstract

Objective To investigate and analyze the incidence rate, clinical features and risk factors of lower extremity thrombosis in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods In this retrospective analysis, 1 771 COVID-19 patients admitted in Huoshenshan hospital from February to March 2020 were recruited as the study subjects. Their clinical data were collected. The incidence and severity of deep vein thrombosis, laboratory indicators and treatment measures were analyzed statistically. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors. Results There were 42 cases of lower limb thrombosis in the 1 771 COVID-19 cases, including 38 cases of severe and critical type (38/516, 7.36%) and 4 cases of common type (4/1 255, 0.32%).Among them, 3 cases were at proximal end and 39 cases at distal end, and 5 died. Logistic regression analysis showed that age, tumor, D-dimer level, international normalized ratio (INR), mechanical ventilation, ICU and hormone use were high risk factors for deep venous thrombosis in COVID-19 patients (OR=0.929, 12.471, 0.942, 16.698, 9.133, 9.112, 4.423, P < 0.05). Conclusion The risk of lower extremity thrombosis is significantly increased in COVID-19 patients, especially in severe and critically ill patients, and the mortality is quite elevated. Age, tumor, D-dimer level, INR, mechanical ventilation, ICU and hormone use are independent risk factors for thrombosis.

Keywords

• coronavirus disease 2019
• deep vein thrombosis
• incidence
• risk factors