Prescribing patterns of SGLT-2 inhibitors for patients with heart failure: A two-center analysis

Abstract

Background: Sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have been proven to reduce the combined risk of cardiovascular death and hospitalizations in patients with heart failure (HF), irrespective of the presence or absence of diabetes. Despite class 1 and class 2A recommendations for their usage in HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) respectively by the American College of Cardiology, their prescription rate has remained low. Objective: The aim of this study is to analyze SGLT2i prescription patterns at two academic institutions, with the goal of identifying barriers to implementation. Design: A two-center retrospective analysis was conducted on patients ≥18 years old with a diagnosis of heart failure who were admitted to one of two hospital systems between 5/1/21 and 5/31/22. Patients with an eGFR ≥20 mL/min/1.73m2 and BNP ≥ 100 pg/mL were included. Results: SGLT2i was prescribed in only 19 out of 1081 HFpEF patients (1.8 %) and 51 out of 1596 HFrEF patients (3.2 %). A majority of SGLT2i prescriptions for the HFpEF population came from general medicine services (57.9 %) after obtaining approval from a cardiologist, which was required at our institutions. Adverse effects such as hypoglycemia and urinary tract infections were not significantly associated with SGLT2i use. Conclusions: Despite proven benefits of this class of medications as witnessed in large-scale clinical trials, the implementation of this drug class continues to be low.

Keywords

• Prescribing patterns
• Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i)
• Heart failure
• Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction