In vitro anthelmintic activity of Chaetomorpha vieillardii ethanolic extract against adult worm motility and egg-hatching of Haemonchus contortus from sheep

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the potential of macroalgae Chaetomorpha vieillardii as an in vitro candidate for bio-anthelmintic. Adult Worm Motility Test (AWMT) was conducted at concentration levels of 2 mg/mL, 4 mg/mL, and 6 mg/mL of C. vieillardii ethanol extract on 150 female H. contortus worms, randomly divided into 6 treatments with 5 replications, using a two way completely randomized factorial design. 0.9% sodium chloride was used as a negative control, and albendazole at 0.5 and 2 mg/mL served as positive controls. Worm motility observations were performed at 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, and subsequent time intervals until 100% of the worms were deceased. The identical treatment was applied to the egg hatching inhibiting test (EHIT) using a completely randomized design in a one-way pattern by observing the number of eggs at 0 and 24 hours. The results showed that the concentration level of C. vieillardii ethanol extract and the observation time significantly influenced (P<0.01) the motility of H. contortus, and there was an interaction between them (P<0.01). All three levels were able to decrease the motility of H. contortus, but they were unable to match albendazole. Despite of this result, the three levels were equally effective (P<0.01) as albendazole in terms of inhibiting the egg-hatching of H. contortus. The 2 mg/mL level was sufficient to inhibit the motility and egg-hatching of H. contortus. These findings indicated that the ethanol extract of C. vieillardii has the potential to be developed as a bio-anthelmintic for ruminants.