Evaluation of acellular dermal matrix allograft [Alloderm®] with coronally positioned flap in the treatment of Miller's Class I or Class II gingival recession

Abstract

Aim: The aim of the study was to clinically evaluate the efficacy of acellular dermal matrix allograft [Alloderm®] in combination with coronally positioned flap in treatment of Miller's Class I or Class II isolated gingival recessions. Materials and Methods: Fifteen systemically healthy patients with Miller's Class I or Class II isolated gingival recessions participated in the study. Coronally positioned flap was performed and acellular dermal matrix allograft [Alloderm®] was placed over the defect. Clinical parameters such as recession height, recession width, keratinized tissue height, clinical attachment level, probing depth, plaque index, and gingival index were evaluated at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months post surgery. The percentage of root coverage was calculated. Descriptive statistical analysis has been carried out using Student's t-test (two-tailed, dependent) to determine the significance of study parameters on continuous scale within each group. The Statistical software namely SAS 9.2, SPSS 15.0, Stata 10.1, MedCalc 9.0.1, Systat 12.0, and R environment ver. 2.11.1 were used for data analysis. Results: In the study, the recession height decreased from the baseline of 2.50 ± 0.53 mm to 0.3 ± 0.48 mm at 3 months and remained unchanged after 6 months with percentage of reduction being 89%; recession width decreased from the baseline of 4.10 ± 0.74 mm to 0.7 ± 0.95 mm after 3 months and to 0.4 ± 0.52 mm after 6 months (91%), increase in the keratinized tissue height (KTH) from the baseline of 3.6 ± 0.70 mm to 4.7 ± 0.67 mm after 3 months and further increased to 6.4 ± 0.52 mm after 6 months (64%) and gain in CAL from baseline of 4 ± 0.82 mm to 1.9 ± 1.2 mm after 3 months and further reduced to 1.4 ± 0.52 mm after 6 months (74%). There was statistical difference in all the parameters indicating good percentage of root coverage. Conclusion: The use of Alloderm® along with coronally positioned flap provided significant improvement in all measured clinical parameters, indicating that graft gives favorable results in treating Miller's Class I or Class II isolated gingival recessions.

Keywords

• Acellular dermal matrix allograft
• coronally positioned flap
• gingival recession.