Características de fermentação da silagem de cana-de-açúcar tratada com uréia, zeólita, inoculante bacteriano e inoculante bacteriano/enzimático Fermentation of sugarcane silage treated with urea, zeolita, bacteria inoculant and bacteria/enzymatic inoculant

Abstract

Estudaram-se as características de fermentação da cana-de-açúcar (RB72454) submetida aos tratamentos: controle; 0,5% uréia; 0,5% zeólita; 0,5% uréia e 0,5% zeólita; inoculante bacteriano comercial; inoculante bacteriano/enzimático comercial. O material ensilado foi aberto com um, três, cinco, sete, 14, 28 e 56 dias de fermentação e analisado quanto aos teores de MS, carboidratos solúveis, PB, NNH3/NT, pH, FDN, FDA, celulose, hemicelulose, lignina e DIVMS. Observou-se redução do conteúdo de MS em todas as silagens, com média de 21,1%, em relação ao material original (28,7%). A concentração média de carboidratos solúveis no material original foi de 19,7% e, após 56 dias de fermentação, foi de 0,92%. A concentração de PB das silagens testemunha e tratadas com zeólita, inoculante comercial bacteriano e inoculante comercial bacteriano/enzimático variou entre 2,1% e 3,1% e naquelas que receberam uréia e uréia+zeólita foi de 8,4%. Os teores de NNH3/NT foram inferiores a 10% nas silagens testemunha e tratadas com zeólita, inoculante bacteriano comercial e inoculante bacteriano/enzimático comercial, entretanto foi de 30,4% e 31,1% nas silagens com uréia e uréia+zeólita, respectivamente. No primeiro dia de fermentação, o pH apresentou média de 3,75. Após 56 dias de fermentação, as concentrações de FDN, FDA, celulose e hemicelulose aumentaram, apresentando média entre os tratamentos de 68,6%, 39,6%, 34,5% e 29,1%, respectivamente. O coeficiente de DIVMS reduziu-se com a ensilagem, em todos os tratamentos avaliados, sendo de 57,6% no material original e média de 47,6% nas silagens.The characteristics of fermentation of sugarcane (RB72454) submitted to the treatments control; 0.5% urea; 0.5% zeolita; 0.5% urea and 0.5% zeolita; commercial bacterial inoculant and commercial bacterial/enzymatic inoculant were studied. The material stored in silos was opened on 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 28 and 56 days of fermentation and was analysed for grades of MS, soluble carbohydrates, PB, NNH3/NT, pH, FDN, FDA, cellulosis, hemicellulosis, lignin and DIVMS. The reduction of the MS content of the silos was observed, with average of 21.1% compared to the original material (28.7%). The concentration of carbohydrates soluble on the original material was 19.7% and, after 56 days of fermentation, it was 0.92%. The concentration of PB in the control silage and treated with zeolita, commercial bacterial inoculant and commercial bacterial/enzymatic inoculant varied between 2.1% and 3.1% and in thoses that received urea and urea+zeolita was 8.4%. The grades of NNH3/NT were lower than 10% in the control silage and treated with zeolita, commercial bacterial inoculant and commercial bacterial/enzymatic inoculant. However, they were 30.4% and 31.1% in the silage with urea and urea+zeolita, respectively. On the first day of fermentation, the pH presented average of 3.75. After 56 days of fermentation, the concentration of FDN, FDA, cellulosis and hemicellulosis increased, presenting averages considering the treatments of 68.6%, 39.6%, 34.5% and 29.1%, respectively. The coefficient of DIVMS reduced with the fermentation, in all the evaluated treatments, being of 57.6% in the original material and averaging 47.6% in the silages.

Keywords

• cana-de-açúcar
• silagem
• aditivos
• sugar cane
• silage
• additives