Clinical and Microbiological Risk Factors for Community-Associated Clostridioides difficile Infections

Abstract

Background: The incidence of community-associated (CA) Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) has increased in Korea. In this study, we evaluated CA-CDI risk factors in terms of clinical features and ribotype considering its region-specific molecular epidemiology. Methods: A retrospective case-control study was performed on two groups of CDI patients: 127 subjects with CA-CDI and 265 subjects with healthcare-associated (HA)-CDI. Risk factors for CA-CDI were evaluated in terms of clinical and microbiological features such as toxin type and ribotype. Results: A comparison of the two groups of CDI patients revealed that inflammatory bowel disease, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and fever were more closely associated with CA-CDI. The toxin types and ribotypes of C. difficile were similar between the two groups. After adjusting for variables, no risk factors were identified for CA-CDI compared with HA-CDI. Conclusion: Specific risk factors for CA-CDI were not identified in this study.

Keywords

• clostridioides difficile infection
• community-associated
• risk factor