When Chinese patients with plasma cell disorders encountered the nationwide Omicron outbreak (December 2022): a real-world multicenter and multiregional study

Xincheng Jiang; Xiaoyan Han; Fengyan Jin; Gang An; Jian Hou; Jingsong He; Qingming Wang; Wenjun Wu; Yi Zhao; Songfu Jiang; Shuchan Li; Zhenshu Xu; Gaofeng Zheng; Yang Yang; Qingxiao Chen; Donghua He; Yi Li; zhen cai

doi:10.1080/16078454.2024.2411741

Hematology (Dec 2024)

When Chinese patients with plasma cell disorders encountered the nationwide Omicron outbreak (December 2022): a real-world multicenter and multiregional study

Xincheng Jiang,
Xiaoyan Han,
Fengyan Jin,
Gang An,
Jian Hou,
Jingsong He,
Qingming Wang,
Wenjun Wu,
Yi Zhao,
Songfu Jiang,
Shuchan Li,
Zhenshu Xu,
Gaofeng Zheng,
Yang Yang,
Qingxiao Chen,
Donghua He,
Yi Li,
zhen cai

Affiliations

Xincheng Jiang: Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
Xiaoyan Han: Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
Fengyan Jin: Department of Hematology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
Gang An: National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
Jian Hou: Department of Hematology, Renji Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
Jingsong He: Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
Qingming Wang: Department of Hematology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
Wenjun Wu: Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
Yi Zhao: Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
Songfu Jiang: Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
Shuchan Li: Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
Zhenshu Xu: Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
Gaofeng Zheng: Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
Yang Yang: Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
Qingxiao Chen: Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
Donghua He: Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
Yi Li: Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
zhen cai: Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/16078454.2024.2411741
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 29, no. 1

Abstract

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Objectives This study aims to assess the impact of the nationwide Omicron outbreak in December 2022 on Chinese patients with plasma cell disorders (PCD), focusing on the clinical characteristics of PCD patients with COVID-19 and the risk factors contributing to adverse clinical courses (severity and hospitalization) and outcomes.Methods A multicenter retrospective study was performed from December 1, 2022, to January 19, 2023. The study population includes 404 PCD patients, divided into a COVID-19 group (n = 342) and an uninfected group (n = 62).Results The frequency of COVID-19 infection was 84.7% (342/404), and 16.4% (56/342) were severe COVID-19. Among the 277 patients with complete follow-up, 2 deaths (0.7%) were reported, while 231 (83.4%) recovered from COVID-19. Age > 65 (P = 0.02) and prior anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody (mAb) treatment within six months (P = 0.03) were independent risk factors for severe infection. Additionally, previous chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy within six months was correlated with a higher risk of hospitalization (P = 0.04) and prolonged recovery time (P = 0.03). No significant protective effect of vaccination on infection or severe infection was observed (P > 0.05).Conclusions The latest Omicron outbreak results in higher rates of severe infection and mortality in PCD patients compared with the general population in China, highlighting the need to protect this vulnerable population during the pandemic. Recent use of anti-CD38 mAb and CAR-T therapy are associated with poorer clinical courses and outcomes of PCD patients with COVID-19.

Published in Hematology

ISSN: 1024-5332 (Print); 1607-8454 (Online)
Publisher: Taylor & Francis Group
Country of publisher: United Kingdom
LCC subjects: Medicine: Internal medicine: Specialties of internal medicine: Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs
Website: https://www.tandfonline.com/journals/yhem

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