Radiology Case Reports (Jun 2024)

Sub-segmental pulmonary thromboembolism in a pregnant woman with generalized lupus erythematosus, triple-negative antiphospholipid syndrome, and protein C deficiency. A case report

  • Arlin Montoya Rodríguez, MD,
  • Mario Mayorga Duarte, MD,
  • Sayonara Sandino López, MD,
  • Víctor Rosales Obregón, MD,
  • Mario Enmanuel López Marenco, MD

Journal volume & issue
Vol. 19, no. 6
pp. 2249 – 2252

Abstract

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Autoimmune diseases and thrombophilic disorders, notably antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and protein S deficiency, present a formidable challenge in pregnancy, substantially increasing the risk of thromboembolic complications by up to 20%. Pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE), characterized by a significantly higher maternal mortality rate, is of particular concern.APS, defined by the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies, emerges as a pivotal risk factor for PTE during pregnancy, especially in women exhibiting triple negativity. Concurrently, protein S deficiency further amplifies vulnerability to thromboembolic events, establishing a high-risk scenario for pregnant individuals.In a case involving a 29-year-old pregnant woman with a history of generalized lupus erythematosus, triple-negative antiphospholipid syndrome, and protein S deficiency, sudden-onset dyspnea prompted thorough investigation. Despite her complex medical history, a multidisciplinary approach led to the accurate diagnosis and successful management of subsegmental pulmonary thromboembolism, ensuring the well-being of both mother and fetus.Effectively managing PTE during pregnancy demands a comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach involving collaboration among obstetricians, internists, rheumatologists, and hematologists. Accurate diagnosis, tailored anticoagulation strategies, and continuous monitoring stand as indispensable pillars for maternal and fetal well-being.

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