Veterinary and sanitary evaluation of frozen fish imported into Ukraine for presence of antibacterial substances residues
Abstract
Significant and unlimited use of antibacterial drugs, leads to their accumulation in the aquatic environment, tissues of fish, and, accordingly, in fish products. The problem of residual amounts of antibacterial drugs in raw materials and food products is relevant not only in Ukraine but also in the whole world. The purpose of the work was to conduct monitoring researches of frozen fish on the content of antibacterial substances residues. The presence of residual amounts of anti-bacterial substances was carried out by a screening method for the determination of antibiotics in products of animal origin РХ/МС/МС and the microbiological method. It was established that in the trading network frozen fish was sold, which contained 10.5 ± 0.3% of the remainder of the antibacterial substance. The most frequently imported frozen fish in Ukraine were antimicrobials from the group of antibiotics of the first generation aminoglycosides (apramicin, kanamycin, gentamicin, spectinomycin, paromomycin) – 46.4 ± 0.7% of cases and supply dixic acid at 19.0 ± 0.2%. In 11% of cases, in frozen fish, the remains of sulfamide antimicrobial agents – sulfaphenazole. Antibiotics of the penicillin number: penicillin, amoxicillin and nafcillin, despite the presence of antimicrobial activity, mainly in relation to gram-positive micro flora, were found in the total number of 11.1 ± 0.2% of cases. In the smallest number of samples of frozen fish, antibiotics of the tetracycline group – tetracycline in 1.6 ± 0.1% of cases were detected. The largest numbers of antibacterial substances were detected from 11.2 ± 0.2 to 14.4 ± 0.2% for argentine and flatfish species. In such pelagic species of fish as lakerda, mackerel, capelin and mackerel, antibiotics were detected in an equal number, in about 10% of the examined samples. Almost 8% of samples of frozen fish like salmon contain antibacterial substances. In addition, equally in 6.3 ± 0.2% of the examined samples, veterinary drugs were found in oceanic fish such as herring and red-eyed fish. In the smallest amount, up to 5% showed antimicrobial substances in sea fish such as dorado and pink salmon. The presences of antibacterial substances in the investigated fish samples, which are not stipulated by the EU Regulation No. 37/2010, have been identified. Consequently, there was a need to provide in the “State monitoring plan for residues of veterinary drugs, pollutants and toxicants in products of animal origin” a study to determine the residual amounts of antibacterial substances and antibiotics to increase the safety of fish imported into Ukraine.
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