Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development (Nov 2021)
The Household Water Insecurity Experiences (HWISE) Scale: comparison scores from 27 sites in 22 countries
- Justin Stoler,
- Joshua D. Miller,
- Ellis A. Adams,
- Farooq Ahmed,
- Mallika Alexander,
- Gershim Asiki,
- Mobolanle Balogun,
- Michael J. Boivin,
- Alexandra Brewis,
- Genny Carrillo,
- Kelly Chapman,
- Stroma Cole,
- Shalean M. Collins,
- Jorge Escobar-Vargas,
- Hassan Eini-Zinab,
- Matthew C. Freeman,
- Monet Ghorbani,
- Ashley Hagaman,
- Nicola Hawley,
- Zeina Jamaluddine,
- Wendy E. Jepson,
- Divya Krishnakumar,
- Kenneth Maes,
- Jyoti Mathad,
- Jonathan Maupin,
- Patrick Mbullo Owuor,
- Milton Marin Morales,
- Javier Morán-Martínez,
- Nasrin Omidvar,
- Amber L. Pearson,
- Sabrina Rasheed,
- Asher Y. Rosinger,
- Luisa Samayoa-Figueroa,
- Ernesto C. Sánchez-Rodríguez,
- Marianne V. Santoso,
- Roseanne C. Schuster,
- Mahdieh Sheikhi,
- Sonali Srivastava,
- Chad Staddon,
- Andrea Sullivan,
- Yihenew Tesfaye,
- Alex Trowell,
- Desire Tshala-Katumbay,
- Raymond Tutu,
- Cassandra L. Workman,
- Amber Wutich,
- Sera L. Young
Affiliations
- Justin Stoler
- Department of Geography and Sustainable Development, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
- Joshua D. Miller
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Ellis A. Adams
- Keough School of Global Affairs, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN, USA
- Farooq Ahmed
- Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Mallika Alexander
- Johns Hopkins University-Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Medical College Clinical Trials Unit, Pune, India
- Gershim Asiki
- African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya
- Mobolanle Balogun
- College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
- Michael J. Boivin
- Department of Neurology & Ophthalmology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Alexandra Brewis
- School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- Genny Carrillo
- School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- Kelly Chapman
- Department of Anthropology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Stroma Cole
- School of Architecture and Cities, University of Westminster, London, UK
- Shalean M. Collins
- School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Jorge Escobar-Vargas
- Department of Civil Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
- Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Matthew C. Freeman
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Monet Ghorbani
- School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- Ashley Hagaman
- Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Nicola Hawley
- Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Zeina Jamaluddine
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- Wendy E. Jepson
- Department of Geography, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- Divya Krishnakumar
- Anode Governance Lab, Bengaluru, India
- Kenneth Maes
- Department of Anthropology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
- Jyoti Mathad
- Department of Internal Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Jonathan Maupin
- School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- Patrick Mbullo Owuor
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Milton Marin Morales
- Universidad Autónoma del Beni José Ballivián, Trinidad, Bolivia
- Javier Morán-Martínez
- Facultad de Medicina, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Coahuila, Mexico
- Nasrin Omidvar
- Department of Community Nutrition, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Amber L. Pearson
- Department of Geography, Environment, and Spatial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Sabrina Rasheed
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Asher Y. Rosinger
- Department of Anthropology, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
- Luisa Samayoa-Figueroa
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
- Ernesto C. Sánchez-Rodríguez
- Hospital Agustin O'Horan, Mérida, Yucatan, Mexico
- Marianne V. Santoso
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Roseanne C. Schuster
- School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- Mahdieh Sheikhi
- Department of Community Nutrition, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Sonali Srivastava
- Anode Governance Lab, Bengaluru, India
- Chad Staddon
- Department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
- Andrea Sullivan
- Department of Geography and Sustainable Development, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
- Yihenew Tesfaye
- Department of Social Anthropology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
- Alex Trowell
- Department of International Development Studies, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Desire Tshala-Katumbay
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Raymond Tutu
- Department of Sociology and Criminal Justice, Delaware State University, Dover, DE, USA
- Cassandra L. Workman
- Department of Anthropology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
- Amber Wutich
- School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- Sera L. Young
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2021.108
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 11,
no. 6
pp. 1102 – 1110
Abstract
Household survey data from 27 sites in 22 countries were collected in 2017–2018 in order to construct and validate a cross-cultural household-level water insecurity scale. The resultant Household Water Insecurity Experiences (HWISE) scale presents a useful tool for monitoring and evaluating water interventions as a complement to traditional metrics used by the development community. It can also help track progress toward achievement of Sustainable Development Goal 6 ‘clean water and sanitation for all’. We present HWISE scale scores from 27 sites as comparative data for future studies using the HWISE scale in low- and middle-income contexts. Site-level mean scores for HWISE-12 (scored 0–36) ranged from 1.64 (SD 4.22) in Pune, India, to 20.90 (7.50) in Cartagena, Colombia, while site-level mean scores for HWISE-4 (scored 0–12) ranged from 0.51 (1.50) in Pune, India, to 8.21 (2.55) in Punjab, Pakistan. Scores tended to be higher in the dry season as expected. Data from this first implementation of the HWISE scale demonstrate the diversity of water insecurity within and across communities and can help to situate findings from future applications of this tool. HIGHLIGHTS We present comparison scores of the Household Water Insecurity Experiences (HWISE) scale, a novel household water insecurity index validated for use in low- and middle-income countries.; These scores can aid interpretation of future implementation of the HWISE scale.; The HWISE scale should still be evaluated in new contexts, such as high-income settings.;
Keywords
