An anatomical study of pterygoalar bar and its clinical relevance

Abstract

Objectives: Pterygoalar ligament extends from the root of lateral pterygoid plate to the under surface of greater wing of sphenoid. The ligament may ossify partly or completely leading to the formation of bony bar. Complete or incomplete pterygoalar bar may act as an obstacle for approaching retro-and para-paharyngeal spaces for various surgical procedures. Methods: A total of 55 dried adult skulls and 20 sphenoid bones were observed for the presence of complete or incomplete ossification of the pterygoalar ligament. Results: Totally, 17 bones (22.67%) showed partial ossification of the pterygoalar ligament. Complete ossification was not observed in any of the cases. Bilateral incomplete pterygoalar bar was seen in six skulls. Unilateral incomplete pterygoalar bar was seen in 11 cases (5 left and 6 right sides). Conclusions: Knowledge of complete or partial ossification of the various ligaments in the region is important for anesthetists, surgeons and dentists. Being closely related to foramen ovale, such ossified bars of bone may cause entrapment neuropathy of mandibular nerve and its branches.

Keywords

• Neuralgia
• ossification
• pterygoalar ligament
• sphenoid