Frontiers in Endocrinology (Jan 2023)

Incidence of endocrine-related immune-related adverse events in Japanese subjects with various types of cancer

  • Yuichiro Iwamoto,
  • Tomohiko Kimura,
  • Hideyuki Iwamoto,
  • Junpei Sanada,
  • Yoshiro Fushimi,
  • Yukino Katakura,
  • Fuminori Tatsumi,
  • Masashi Shimoda,
  • Shuhei Nakanishi,
  • Tomoatsu Mune,
  • Kohei Kaku,
  • Hideaki Kaneto

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2023.1079074
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 14

Abstract

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BackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), such as cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) inhibitors, programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitors, and programmed cell death protein 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors, are often used to treat a variety of malignancies. ICIs are known to cause endocrine-related immune-related adverse events (irAEs), but the incidence varies among reports and/or agents. This study evaluated the incidence of endocrine-related irAEs in patients who were treated with ICIs in Japan.MethodThis single-center, retrospective, observational study examined the incidence and clinical characteristics of endocrine-related irAEs in 466 participants who were treated with ICIs at Kawasaki Medical School Hospital.ResultThe mean age of participants with and without endocrine-related irAEs was 69.1 ± 1.8 years and 68.1 ± 1.1 years, respectively, with no difference between them. The overall incidence of any endocrine-related irAEs among the participants was 25.5%. Hypothyroidism was prevalent in 24.3%, hypoadrenocorticism in 3.2%, hypopituitarism in 0.9%, and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in 1.1%. Participants receiving combination therapy with CTLA-4 and PD-1 inhibitors had a significantly higher incidence of endocrine-related irAEs than those receiving monotherapy.ConclusionEndocrine-related irAEs correlated significantly with survival and mean observation period. There was substantial difference in the incidence of endocrine-related irAEs among various types of ICIs and types of cancer. We should bear in mind that endocrine testing is necessary during the treatment with ICIs.

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